Categories
Editorial

Jack the Ripper, Giant Bears and Lost Continents – The First Quarter 2017

Jack the Ripper’s Final Victim – A Mystery That May Never Be Solved Britain’s most infamous serial killer, Jack the Ripper, has a whole industry surrounding his gruesome deeds in Victorian East London. Typically, most of the speculation about Jack the Ripper concerns his identity, but earlier this year the Ripper story entered the news due to uncertainty over the identity of his final victim. Jack the Ripper lore states that on 9th November 1888 Mary Jane Kelly was murdered and brutally mutilated in her home in Spitalfield’s, East London. The death is widely considered to have brought the Ripper’s reign of terror to an end, yet in 2015 a book claimed that the victim that night was actually a woman named Elizabeth Weston Davies. A team was assembled to determine the plausibility of locating the supposed remains of Mary Jane Kelly and then subjecting them to DNA testing to verify the identity. In March they concluded that uncertainties over the exact location of Kelly’s remains made it impractical to attempt an exhumation, while the level of disruption that would be required to search the graveyard in question would almost certainly mean legal permission wouldn’t be granted. The identity of Jack the Ripper’s final victim will remain shrouded in mystery. A Lost Continent is Discovered In February an international team of researchers confirmed the discovery of a lost continent located beneath the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. The continent was apparently created around 200 million years ago, as the super continent Gondwana began to break apart. Zircon, a mineral formed in volcanic eruptions, was key to the remarkable discovery. The rock that makes up Mauritius dates to 9 million years old, yet 3 billion year old zircons have been found there. Finding zircons of such an advanced age proves that there are much older crustal materials beneath Mauritius, according to the study authors. The geologists claim that these materials could only come from a continent located under the island. A Giant Polar Bear? In late March archaeologists announced the discovery of a giant polar bear skull in northern Alaska. Radiocarbon dating revealed the skull, which is the fourth largest from a polar bear ever discovered, to be 1,300 years old. Measuring 41cm (16 inches) from the back of its neck to the tip of its nose, the skull has an unusually elongated shape much unlike modern polar bears. Scientists speculate that it could be an example of a now extinct species of ‘giant’ or ‘king’ bear. Ethnographers have documented countless stories of ‘oversized’ bears in a variety of Inuit groups. These include accounts of bears that were up to 12 foot long. The researchers speculate that descendants of giant bears, such as the one whose remains were found in northern Alaska, could be the oversized bears recorded by the indigenous populations of Alaska and the Arctic circle. ]]>

Categories
Breaking News

New Tyrannosaur Discovered With a Scaly Face and Sensitive Nose

Daspletosaurus horneri – “Horner’s Frightul Lizard” – the new species is named after renowned paleontologist John “Jack” R. Horner. Horner, a former curator at the museum of the Rockies, discovered numerous dinosaur fossils in the region and also mentored local students towards scientific careers. “Being a tyrannosaur, they had really small arms,” said UNM Honors College Professor Jason R. Moore, who was involved in the discovery. “They wouldn’t be able to interact with their environment with their hands the way mammals do — find food, build nests, tend to eggs and young. In order to do these things, Daspletosaurus needed to use its feet or head. The discovery and analysis of the tyrannosaur shows that the dinosaur had a developed face sensitivity similar to the sensitivity in our finger tips, suggesting it could use its snout for all those complex ecological interactions, similar to the way crocodiles do today.” Published in Nature Publishing Group’s Scientific Reports, the study led by Thomas Carr of Carthage College’s Department of Biology in Wisconsin sheds new light on the development of the tyrannosaur lineage. “Daspletosaurus horneri was the youngest, and last, of its lineage that lived after its closest relative, D. torosus, which is found in Alberta, Canada,” explained Carr. “The geographic proximity of these species and their sequential occurrence suggests that they represent a single lineage where D. torosus has evolved into D. horneri.” The team’s research suggests the evolution of the tyrannosaurs was slow, the transition from D. torosus to D. horneri taking two million years. Carr and colleagues’ study stands to drastically enhance our understanding of tyrannosaurs, revealing a great deal about how their faces would have looked. “It turns out that tyrannosaurs are identical to crocodylians in that the bones of their snouts and jaws are rough, except for a narrow band of smooth bone along the tooth row,” explained Carr. “We did not find any evidence for lips in tyrannosaurs: the rough texture covered by scales extends nearly to the tooth row, providing no space for lips.” “However, we did find evidence for other types of skin on the face, including areas of extremely coarse bone that supported armor-like skin on the snout and on the sides of the lower jaws. The armor-like skin would have protected tyrannosaurs from abrasions, perhaps sustained when hunting and feeding.” Like crocodylians, tyrannosaurs had highly sensitive snouts and jaws, penetrated by numerous small nerve openings which would have allowed a multitude of branches of nerves to innervate the skin. This reveals a great deal about the development of the trigeminal nerve, responsible for sensations and motor actions in the face. “The trigeminal nerve has an extraordinary evolutionary history of developing into wildly different ‘sixth senses’ in different vertebrates, such as sensing magnetic fields for bird migration, electroreception for predation in the platypus bill or the whisker pits of dolphins, sensing infrared in pit vipers to identify prey, guiding movements in mammals through the use of whiskers, sensing vibrations through the water by alligators and turning the elephant trunk into a sensitive ‘hand’ similar to what has been done to the entire face of tyrannosaurs.” explained Jayc Sedlmayr, professor at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Image courtesy of @Dino ]]>

Categories
Breaking News

Maya and Ancestral Puebloans Providing Clues on World Water Crisis

Categories
Breaking News

Iron Age Remains and Chariot Found in East Yorkshire

Geographica in around 150 CE. By comparison, the Arras culture’s grave sites date back as far as the Middle Iron Age – around 800 BCE – and stretch to approximately 70 CE. Parisi and Arras culture territories overlap to some degree, though the Parisi are thought to have had stronger ties to continental Europe than the Arras. Chariot burials appear in both cultures. ]]>

Categories
Breaking News

Roman-Era Coffin to be Repatriated to Turkey After Legal Battle